CARDIOLOGY

Indications:

• Improvement of physical exercise capacity in patients with Coronary Artery Disease NYHA 2-3
• Chronic Heart Failure (in research)

Physiological effects:

• Improves the microcirculation [Belyavskiy et al., Bobyleva et al., Ischuk et al., Townsend et al.]
• Reduces endothelial dysfunction [Chiu et al. , Elchaninova et al., Haider et al., Manukhina et al.]
• Decreases the blood pressure [Ainslie et al. , Bailey et al. , Elchaninova et al., Lyamina et al. , Manukhina et al., Shatilo et al.]
• Increases myocardium and brain resistance to acute ischaemia (precondition-like effect) [Bulgak et al., Zhua et al.]
• Reduction in the negative consequences of systemic oxidative stress [Arkhipenko et al., Borukaeva et al., Elchaninova et al.]

Clinical Effects:

• Increases time to fatigue
• Increases physical endurance
• Increases VO2 peak
• Increases %VO2 max
• Increases Anaerobic threshold
• Lowers incidence of angina as a reason to stop treadmill run
• Lowers incidence of ST depression as a reason to stop treadmill run